Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Protocol sentence, philosophy of science: A protocol sentence is a sentence that documents an observation together with the place and time, as well as (eventually) the observation facilities and experimental conditions used. Problems arise in connection with differences in relation to the possible subject domain and the terms used when different theories or theory extensions are applied. Other descriptions are basic or observational sentences. See also theory-ladenness of meaning, empiricism, observation sentence, observation language, theoretical entities, theoretical terms._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Carl Hempel on Protocol Sentences - Dictionary of Arguments
I 99 ~ Protocol Sentences/Hempel: compared to protocol sentences even singular assertions have the character of hypotheses. >Hypotheses. I 100 It follows: CarnapVsTractatus: the truth/falsity of all statements can no longer be defined by reference to the truth of certain basic statements (because they are indeed hypotheses). The significance criterion is too narrow. Then also protocol sentences are no longer unassailable. >Significance. I 102 Schlick: protocol sentences are not completely without basic sentences, otherwise they lead to relativism. >Relativism. I 104 SchlickVsCarnap/VsNeurath: the thesis that a statement is true if it is proven by protocol sentences sufficiently leads to absurd results, if the idea is absolutely true, protocol sentences are declined. There are obviously many different systems of protocol sentences - according to Carnap and Neurath each of these different, incompatible systems were true. I 105 Carnap: we learn through conditioning how to bring forth true protocol sentences, e.g. how to properly read meters, etc. I 106 In the new form of Carnap's theory, protocol sentences are even more radically stripped off their base character: they lose their irrefutability. Popper: statements of all forms may occur as protocol sentences. I 107 In the end they are superfluous. Cf. >Observation sentences, >Observation language._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Hempel I Carl Hempel "On the Logical Positivist’s Theory of Truth" in: Analysis 2, pp. 49-59 In Wahrheitstheorien, Gunnar Skirbekk, Frankfurt/M. 1977 Hempel II Carl Hempel Problems and Changes in the Empirist Criterion of Meaning, in: Revue Internationale de Philosophie 11, 1950 German Edition: Probleme und Modifikationen des empiristischen Sinnkriteriums In Philosophie der idealen Sprache, J. Sinnreich, München 1982 Hempel II (b) Carl Hempel The Concept of Cognitive Significance: A Reconsideration, in: Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 80, 1951 German Edition: Der Begriff der kognitiven Signifikanz: eine erneute Betrachtung In Philosophie der idealen Sprache, J. Sinnreich, München 1982 |
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> Counter arguments against Hempel
> Counter arguments in relation to Protocol Sentences
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-27